Chemical Composition and Acaricidal Activity of Essential Oil of Lavandula dentata L. on Engorged Females of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae).

PURPOSE: Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is one the most significant ectoparasite in cattle farming in tropical and subtropical regions, causing problems to livestock health worldwide. The control of this ectoparasite primarily relies on the use of synthetic acaricides. However, the emergence of acaricide resistance has stimulated the search for new control alternatives, including phytocompounds with acaricidal and insecticidal potential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acaricidal potential of Lavandula dentata essential oil against the engorged females of R. (B.) microplus. METHODS: Engorged females were obtained from infested bovines in dairy farms in Pernambuco, Brazil. L. dentata essential oil was extracted, and adult immersion test assays were performed using the following oil concentrations: 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, and 1%. RESULTS: L. dentata essential oil at a concentration of 1% was lethal to all engorged females, and concentrations of 0.6% and 0.8% caused mortality of 98.6% and 99.1%, respectively. These concentrations disrupted the reproductive capacity of engorged females, reducing oviposition by more than 90% and preventing egg hatching by over 87%. CONCLUSION: The data revealed that L. dentata essential oil possesses effective pharmacological properties against R. (B.) microplus and could be used for tick control following in vivo evaluation, thus contributing to mitigating the negative impacts of synthetic acaricide use.

Ambiente web para citomorfometria usando imagens 3D / Web environment for histomorphometry using 3D images

Softwares de bioimage são utilizados para a análise de imagens microscópicas e auxiliam os usuários em suas tomadas de decisões, a usabilidade pode limitar o seu uso. OBJETIVOS: Desenvolver um software de bioimage que pode ser acessado em um navegador web. Auxiliar patologistas e outros usuários na tomada de decisão, minimizando a subjetividade de suas avaliações. MÉTODOS: Foram realizados estudos nos softwares de bioimage open sources, o qual foram identificadas as características positivas e negativas, permitindo a escolha das tecnologias apropriadas para desenvolver o ambiente. RESULTADOS: O trabalho proveu um software de bioimage para análise citomorfométrica usando imagens tridimensionais que pode ser acessado por meio de um navegador web. CONCLUSÃO: O ambiente proposto é capaz de subsidiar os usuários com informações sobre as estruturas das células para tomada de decisão, fornecendo dados quantitativos e permitindo a exploração por meio de uma cena tridimensional.

Bioimage softwares are used for the analysis of microscopic images and assist users in their decision making,usability can limit its use. PURPOSES: Develop a bioimage software that can be accessed through a web browser. Assist pathologists and other users in decision making, minimizing the subjectivity of its evaluations. METHODS: Studies were carried out in the bioimage open sources softwares, which have been identified the positive and negative characteristics, allowing the choice of the appropriate technologies to developing the environment. RESULTS: The work provided abioimage software for histomorphometric analysis using three-dimensional images that can be accessed through a webbrowser. CONCLUSION: The proposed environment can subsidize the users with information on the structures of cells to decision making, providing quantitative data and allowing the exploration of a three-dimensional scene.

Estudo comparativo de resposta à quimioterapia neoadjuvante em dose total,entre câncer de mama e metástase axilar, conforme resultados de imunoistoquímica, no Serviço de Mastologia do Hospital Amaral Carvalho em Jaú, SP / Comparative study of full dose neoadjuvant chemotherapy response, amongbreast cancer and axillary metastasis, according to immunohistochemistryresults, at Senology Center of Hospital Amaral Carvalho in Jaú, SP

Objetivo: Verificar as diferenças entre a resposta do tumor primário e a resposta axilar, assim como a resposta global, após quimioterapia neoadjuvante, correlacionando os subtipos imunoistoquímicos rotineiros aplicados no serviço. Métodos: Estudo observacional, retrospectivo, coletado a partir dos dados dos prontuários de 100 pacientes com câncer de mama atendidas no serviço de Mastologia do Hospital Amaral Carvalho, com estadiamentos IIIA, IIIB e IIIC, submetidas à quimioterapia neoadjuvante e posterior cirurgia, no período de janeiro de 2011 a julho de 2012. Resultados: Do universo de 100 pacientes com câncer de mama submetidas à quimioterapia neoadjuvante, 7 foram excluídas por falta de imunoistoquímica. Todas as 93 restantes apresentavam lesão em mama e axila. Destas, 70 (75,25%) obtiveram resposta clinicopatológica, sendo 57 (61,29%) resposta patológica parcial e 13 (13,9%) resposta patológica completa. Das 57 de pacientes com resposta patológica parcial, 30 (32,25%) ainda apresentavam lesão em mama e axila e 27 (29%) apresentavam lesão mamária com axila negativada. Dos quatro subtipos imunoistoquímicos verificados (luminal A/B, luminal híbrido, triplo negativo e HER-2), os melhores resultados foram observados em pacientes com o subtipo triplo negativo, com a maior taxa de resposta patológica parcial e completa da doença. Conclusões: Pode-se concluir que a quimioterapia neoadjuvante tem um efeito positivo sobre o câncer de mama localmente avançado, especialmente em pacientes triplo negativas. Nesse subtipo, encontramos maior concordância de negativação entre tumor primário e axila.

Objective: The study aimed to verify the differences among the response of primary tumor and axillary metastasis, as well the global response, after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, correlating immunohistochemistry subtypes currently used at this service. Methods: Observational, retrospective study,collected from medical record data of 100 patients with breast cancer treated at Senology Center of Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Brazil, with staging IIIA, IIIB e IIIC, submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and subsequent surgery, from January 2011 to July 2012. Results: From the universe of 100 patients with breast cancer submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 7 were excluded for the absence of immunohistochemistry. A total of 93 patients presented injury in breast and axilla, 70 (75.25%) of them acquired clinicopathological response, being 57 (61.29%) with partial response and 13 (13.9%) with complete pathological response. From 57 patients with partial response, 30 (32.25%) still presented injury in breast and axilla and 27 (29%) presented injury in breast but not in axilla. From the four immunohistochemistry subtypes verified (luminal A/B, hybrid luminal, triple negative and HER-2) the best results were watched in triple negative patients, showing the larger rate of partial response and complete pathological response of the disease. Conclusion: We may conclude that neoadjuvant chemotherapy has a positive effect over locally advanced breast cancer, especially in triple negative patients. In this subtype, we find out more agreement of negative response among primary tumor and axilla.

Skin-to-skin contact and/or oral 25% dextrose for procedural pain relief for term newborn infants.

OBJECTIVE: The goal was to compare the efficacy of oral 25% dextrose treatment and/or skin-to-skin contact for analgesia in term newborns during intramuscular injection of a hepatitis B vaccine. METHODS: A prospective, randomized, partially blinded, clinical trial was performed with 640 healthy term newborns. Infants at 12 to 72 hours of life were assigned randomly to receive an intramuscular injection of hepatitis B vaccine in the right thigh according to 4 analgesia groups, that is, no analgesia (routine); oral 25% dextrose treatment, given 2 minutes before the injection; skin-to-skin contact, initiated 2 minutes before the injection and persisting throughout the procedure; and a combination of the oral dextrose treatment and skin-to-skin contact strategies. For all groups, Neonatal Facial Coding System and Neonatal Infant Pain Scale scores were evaluated before the procedure, during thigh cleansing, during the injection, and 2 minutes after the injection. Premature Infant Pain Profile scores also were assessed for all infants. Pain scores were compared among the 4 groups. RESULTS: The use of oral 25% dextrose treatment reduced the duration of procedural pain in the studied population. Skin-to-skin contact decreased injection pain and duration. The combination of the 2 analgesic measures was more effective than either measure separately for term newborns. CONCLUSIONS: Nonpharmacologic analgesic measures were effective for the treatment of procedural pain in term infants. The combination of oral 25% dextrose treatment and skin-to-skin contact acted synergistically to decrease acute pain in healthy neonates.

Etiologia da sepse em uma unidade neonatal pública de referência / Sepsis etiology at a public neonatal unit care of reference in Belém/Pará

Objetivos: analisar a evolução dos agentes causadores da sepse bacteriana na unidade neonatal do Hospital Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará, período de janeiro de 2000 a junho de 2005. Método: estudo transversal de prevalência em recém-nascidos com diagnóstico clínico e/ou laboratorial de sepse neonatal. Considerou-se sepse precoce aquela diagnosticada com até 48 horas de vida e tardia após este período. Realizou-se análise dos prontuários de todos os pacientes internados com sepse neonatal na Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará. O estudo gráfico dos dados foi realizado no Microsoft Word 2007 e análise estatística no Biostat 5.0, pelo teste não-paramétrico do Qui-quadrado, com nível de significância p<0,05. Resultados: dos 15038 recém-nascidos internados, 1704 (11,3%) foram diagnosticados com sepse neonatal precoce ou tardia. Dentre estes, 58,3% eram do sexo masculino; o baixo peso foi predominante, com 39,2% se situando entre 1501-2500g e o parto vaginal correspondendo a 61,5% do total. A taxa de prevalência da sepse neonatal encontrada foi de 34/1000 (9,8/1000 para a sepse neonatal precoce e 24,2/1000 para a sepse neonatal tardia), com predomínio da sepse tardia (74,45% dos neonatos acometidos). Os agentes etiológicos mais prevalentes na sepse precoce foram: em 2000 E. cloacae (7,9%), em 2001, 2002 e 2003 K. oxytoca (24,2%, 25,7% e 11,5% respectivamente); em 2004 E. coli (5,5%) e em 2005 P. aeruginosa (4,2%) de todos os pacientes diagnosticados com sepse neonatal. Já os agentes etiológicos mais prevalentes na sepse tardia foram: em 2000 E. cloacae (11,9%), em 2001, 2002 e 2003 K. oxytoca (27,2%, 10,5% e 7,1% respectivamente) e em 2004 e 2005 E. coli (7,4% e 1,6% respectivamente). A taxa de letalidade média encontrada foi de 53,3/100 pacientes com sepse neonatal. Conclusão: a taxa de infecção por sepse neonatal foi elevada, com prevalência da sepse neonatal tardia. Os agentes etiológicos predominantes foram as bactérias Gram-negativas, sendo o principal sítio de infecção a corrente sangüínea. A letalidade neonatal por sepse ainda é muito elevada neste serviço.

Objective: analise the evolution of the agents that causes bacterial sepsis in the neonatal unit at Santa Casa de Misericordia do Para Foundation Hospital, january 2000 to june 2005. Methods: transverse of prevalence study in new borns with clinical and/or laboratorial diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Early onset sepsis was considered the one diagnosed until 48 hours of life and late onset sepsis after this period. The analysis of the promptuaries was realized with all patients interned with neonatal sepsis at Santa Casa de Misericordia do Para Foundation. The graphic study of the informations was realized in Microsoft Word 2007 and statistical analysis realized in Biostat 5.0, by non-parametric test of Qui-quadrado, with significancy level of p<0,05. Results: 1704 (11.3%) from 15038 of interned newborns were diagnosed with early or late onset neonatal sepsis. 58.3% of them were male; low weight predominated, with 39.2% situated among 1501-2500g and vaginal parturition corresponded to 61.5% of all. The neonatal sepsis prevalence tax founded was 34/1000 (9,8/1000 for early onset neonatal sepsis and 24,2/1000 for late onset neonatal sepsis), predominating late onset sepsis (74.45% of affected newborns). The most prevalent ethiological agents in early onset sepsis were: in 2000 E. cloacae (7.9%), in 2001, 2002 and 2003 K. oxytoca (24.2%, 25.7% and 11.5% respectively), in 2004 E. coli (5.5%) and in 2005 P. aeruginosa (4.2%) of all pacients diagnosed with neonatal sepsis. In the other side the most prevalent ethiological agents in late onset sepsis were: in 2000 E. cloacae (11.9%), in 2001, 2002 and 2003 K. oxytoca (27.2%, 10.5% and 7.1% respectively) and in 2004 and 2005 E. coli (7.4% e 1.6% respectively). Mortality tax found was 53.3/100 of pacients with neonatal sepsis. Conclusion: infection tax by neonatal sepsis was high, predominating late onset sepsis. Ethiological agents prevalence were Gram-negative bacterias, with main infection place the blood. Neonatal mortality by sepsis is still very high in this service